Tag Archives: impact

Lincoln professor discovers ‘The Fantastic Mr Feynman’

Richard FeynmanA revealing documentary film by a Lincoln professor will tell the incredible life story of one of the 20th century’s most extraordinary scientists, Richard Feynman.

Coinciding with what would have been his 95th birthday; ‘The Fantastic Mr Feynman’ celebrates the brilliance of the Nobel Prize winning physicist, and explores the reality of his curious relationship with the world around him.

The film is produced and directed by Dr. Christopher Riley, Visiting Professor of Science and Media at the University of Lincoln, and was created in conjunction with The Open University. It will premiere this weekend on BBC2.

It honours the man renowned for his pioneering work on the Manhattan Project, which developed the atom bomb, and for his contributions to the theory of quantum electrodynamics, which revolutionised the field of physics.

In 1965, Feynman was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics; however it was his insatiable curiosity about the world in general that made him a truly unusual character, and that Dr Riley brings to light in his latest documentary.

Throughout his life, Feynman rejected authority and refused to conform, preferring instead to follow his passions – from bongo playing to biology, from poetry to painting, from computing to cracking safes. In his dying days, as a maverick investigator on The Challenger shuttle disaster inquiry, he even confronted the Washington establishment to reveal the truth about what had gone wrong.

Dr Riley said: “The work Richard Feynman did – putting the finishing touches to a theory which remains the most successful law of nature yet discovered, ranks him as one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century.  But as I found while making this new documentary about him for the BBC, his curiosity knew no bounds, and his passion for explaining his scientific view of the world was highly contagious.”

Dr Riley’s documentary draws on rich archive footage, which includes interviews with Feynman himself, together with revealing new interviews with his closest friends and family. Dr Riley also spoke to Feynman’s children and his sister, Joan, as well as personal friends and leading scientists to provide an exclusive insight into the physicist’s life.

Dr Riley continued: “Getting to glimpse Feynman’s genius through those who loved him, lived and worked with him, I grew to regret never having met him; to share first-hand what so many others described as their ‘time with Feynman’.

“But as Richard Feynman said himself, before his death in the late 1980s, he’d told so many stories that he wouldn’t ever really go away. And I hope this new film about him has contributed in a small way to bringing all those stories he told to a new generation.”

In his own words and those of the people that knew him best, ‘The Fantastic Mr Feynman’ tells the story of a man recognised as one of the most captivating communicators in the history of science. It will premiere on BBC2 this Sunday 12th May at 9pm.

Story credits:

Elizabeth Mitchell - PR OfficerElizabeth Mitchell - PR Officer
E-mail: emitchell@lincoln.ac.uk
Telephone: 01522 837650

 

 

University of Lincoln research: Land animals kept fish-like jaws for millions of years

Right lateral aspect of the skull of a juvenile specimen of Orobates pabst. Credit: Dr Amy Henrici, Research has confirmed how early land vertebrates, which evolved from fish, developed weight-bearing limbs and other adaptations long before their feeding systems adjusted to a vegetation-based diet.

Now, for the first time, fossil jaw measurements have demonstrated this gap in evolutionary development.

Scientists from the University of Lincoln (UK), the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and the University of Oxford (UK), examined the lower jaws of 89 fossils of early tetrapods (four-footed animals) and their fish-like predecessors.

The fossils ranged in age from about 300 to 400 million years old and the team were interested in how the mechanical properties of the jaws of these animals differed through time.

They used 10 biomechanical metrics to describe jaw differences. One of these, called mechanical advantage, measured how much force an animal can transfer to its bite.

Dr Marcello Ruta, from the School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, said: “Our study is the first of its kind to address changes in biomechanical properties of the lower jaw across the transition from fish to land vertebrates using a diverse range of extinct species. This work paves the way to in-depth analyses of the rates of evolutionary transformation in other anatomical structures during this major episode in vertebrate history. It also lays the foundations for integrative research that explores themes as diverse as the origin of the first terrestrial food webs, the impact of acquisition of new structures on the diversification of major animal groups, and patterns and processes of functional change.”

So it turns out that just moving into a new environment is not always enough to trigger functional adaptations.

The team discovered that the mechanical properties of tetrapod jaws did not show significant changes in patterns of terrestrial feeding until some 40 to 80 million years after the four-legged creatures initially came out of the water. Until then, tetrapod jaws were still very fish-like, even though their owners had weight-bearing limbs and the ability to walk on land.

In the paper, which has been published in an early online edition of the journal Integrative and Comparative Biology, the authors say the results may be explained by an earlier hypothesis: a shift from gilled to lung breathing in later four-footed animals was necessary before they could adapt their jaw structure to eating plants.

This finding suggests tetrapods may have shown a limited variety of feeding strategies in the early phases of their evolution on land.

Lead author Dr Phil Anderson, from the University of Massachusetts, said: “The basic result was that it took a while for these animals to adapt their jaws for a land-based diet. They stayed essentially fish-like for a long time.”

Dr Matt Friedman, lecturer in palaeobiology at the University of Oxford, said: “The thing that is really interesting is that the diversity of jaw function didn’t really take off until around the origin of amniotes – creatures that lay hard-shelled eggs on land rather than being tied to water for reproduction like fishes and amphibians. It is in amniotes and their closest relatives that we see the first evidence for dedicated herbivory – until that point tetrapods had basically been carnivores. So this means it took at least 50 million years of evolution after the origin of features like limbs, fingers and toes before tetrapods achieved dietary diversity that began to resemble what we see today.”

The statistical methods developed in this work could be used in future studies of more subtle biomechanical patterns in fossil animals that may not be initially clear.

The paper ‘Late to the Table: Diversification of Tetrapod Mandibular Biomechanics Lagged Behind the Evolution of Terrestriality’ Philip S.L. Anderson, Matt Friedman, Marcello Ruta can be viewed at http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/03/22/icb.ict006.abstract

Story credits:

Marie Daniels - PR OfficerMarie Daniels - PR Officer
E-mail: mdaniels@lincoln.ac.uk
Telephone: 01522 886244

 

Lincoln funding: LN6 Active Community Grants Scheme

Community groups and organisations can apply now for grants of up to £1,000 for projects which encourage more people in the LN6 postcode area of Lincolnshire to be active, more often.

The LN6 Active Community Grants scheme is provided by Lincolnshire County Council and administered by Lincolnshire Sports Partnership which is a registered charity.

Access LN6 is a £6.5 million programme which aims to improve sustainable transport options in the LN6 area and increase opportunities to walk, cycle and use public transport, as well as improving health throughout the community.

Grants are for the development or support of activities within the LN6 area which encourage people to be active.

There will be two funding rounds with £20,000 available in total. Grants can cover 100% of the project costs up to a maximum level of £1,000.

To be eligible, applicants must:

  • Be a registered charity, voluntary group, sports club, parish council or social enterprise.
  • Have a constitution or governing document.
  • Have a bank account (or evidence that an account is being set up).
  • Have a project or activity taking place in the LN6 postcode area.

Grants can only be used for community events and activities that will directly result in more people being more active on a regular basis.

Projects must:

  • Take place within the LN6 postcode area.
  • Help promote participation in physical activity particularly through volunteering effort.
  • Uphold equalities and the principle of fair and open access to all local people.
  • Be new and sustainable events or activities.

Examples of the type of costs that can be supported include:

  • Revenue and capital costs.
  • Training.
  • Equipment purchase.
  • Volunteer expenses.
  • Meeting room and hall hire.

 

The first application deadline is 17 June 2013 (5pm).

To apply, please visit the Partnership’s website, or contact Research and Income Generation Support at Research and Enterprise.

Source: GRANTfinder Newsflash

Identifying Afghanistan’s war dead

Gillian Fowler, left, at the conferenceA forensic anthropologist has contributed to a special report which outlines steps Afghanistan can take to help identify the victims of the country’s 35-year conflict.

Gillian Fowler, from the School of Life Sciences at the University of Lincoln (UK), has been involved with the Afghan Forensic Science Organisation (AFSO) from its inception in 2010.

Set up as part of Physicians for Human Rights’ (PHR) project Securing Afghanistan’s Past, Gillian was asked to provide training in human osteology (the study of bones).

Gillian had previously spent six years working for the Forensic Anthropology Foundation of Guatemala. While there she was involved in the exhumation of graves containing the innocent victims of the uprising against the military dictatorship in the 1980s.

She said: “The aims of the PHR/Afghan project were human identification and determining what is needed to build forensic capacity in order to investigate the atrocities that have taken place throughout the various conflicts.”

The report was presented during a conference Truth Seeking and the Role of Forensic Science held in Kabul, Afghanistan this April 2013.

Its overall objective is to provide Afghanistan’s government institutions, civil society organisations and the international donor community with critical information about the scientific and technical capabilities the country needs in order to document past abuses and undertake human identifications.

Since 2009, PHR has helped Afghans develop the local capacity to document and secure mass graves, while preventing the destruction of evidence; introduced forensic concepts of this work to government and civil society; and reported on steps needed to begin developing scientific and technical capabilities to identify the missing.

Stefan Schmitt directs PHR’s International Forensic Program and was the report’s lead author, previously working with Gillian in Guatemala.

He said: “Since 1978, Afghans have continuously lived through protracted cycles of violence that included massive human rights violations and war crimes with virtual impunity for many of the perpetrators. Healing such deep wounds is a complex and lengthy process.  What is needed from both the government of Afghanistan and the international community is a serious commitment to a vision for a better future — and that includes addressing the wrongs of the past.”

Key recommendations from the report, which can be read in full athttps://s3.amazonaws.com/PHR_Reports/afghan-human-id-needs-assessment-April2013.pdf include:

•     The Afghan government must draft, enact, and implement legislation addressing the rights of the missing and disappeared, as well as their families, while criminalising enforced disappearances. Such legislation must include an acknowledgement that families have a right to know the truth about the fate of their missing relatives.
•     The Afghan government has yet to establish the scope or acknowledge the reality of the missing persons issue in the country in any meaningful way. The publication of the highly anticipated Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) Conflict Mapping Report would be a critical first step towards achieving this. This report yet has to be published. The AIHRC should convene a working group to define a comprehensive strategy for release of the Conflict Mapping Report, identifying key conditions that must be met to ensure its release.
•     The Afghan government needs to enforce existing legislation for the protection of mass grave sites, which must be preserved as crime scenes and protected from destruction until all relevant forensic evidence can be collected.
•     Afghan scientists and scholars have been isolated from modern education and the academic world throughout Afghanistan’s decades of conflict. International donors and the government of Afghanistan need to identify and prioritize funding for the increased and sustained development of Afghanistan’s higher education system, particularly for those who must play a role in its forensic future, such as judges, prosecutors, attorneys, scientists and medical professionals.

Story credits:

Marie Daniels - PR OfficerMarie Daniels - PR Officer
E-mail: mdaniels@lincoln.ac.uk
Telephone: 01522 886244

 

 

Celebration of Lincoln’s engineering history

Lincoln School of EngineeringA celebration of engineering’s key role in Lincoln’s past, present and future will be the focus of a major event taking place in and around the city’s cathedral from May 25-27.

A range of exhibitions, events and displays will celebrate Lincoln’s engineering heritage and highlight its present day prowess, as well as showcasing innovations for the future.

The University of Lincoln, City of Lincoln Council and Lincoln College are working with a number of engineering firms to deliver an event that will inspire the next generation to pursue a career in the engineering sector.

Dr Colin Dowding, senior lecturer at the University’s School of Engineering, has coordinated a series of talks to take place in the Chapter House, with presentations and displays targeted at highlighting opportunities for young people to study and train for a role in the industry.

He said: “The engineering sector is a major contributor to the UK economy; but interestingly, engineers statistically deliver double the input to the exchequer of the average worker. This means that engineers are in great demand both in the UK and worldwide. Engineering is an extremely broad and varied profession that requires expert understanding of the physical and mathematical sciences for application in projects that affect everybody’s daily life. The Celebration of Engineering event has been developed to showcase the engineering expertise in Lincolnshire, its relevance and how the education centres of Lincoln can help you or your children to be a part of it.”

Interactive displays, exhibitions, schools’ competitions, a timeline and stands plus a tour of the city’s engineering centres will also be part of the celebration weekend.

The cathedral and its grounds will be the focus of much of the activity with an archive exhibition along with displays depicting the city’s links to the aviation industry being staged at The Collection in Danes Terrace.

Others staging displays and stands in the cathedral include local engineering companies, Lincoln College, Cathedral Architects and Structural Engineers, Lincoln Engineering Society, Friends of Lincoln Tank and Civil Engineers.

Saturday will see children from local primary and secondary schools taking part in specially designed challenges for the day. With the support of Lincoln College there will also be a competition for teams to compete on the assembly of a go-kart against the clock.

The day will be rounded off at 4pm with a special guided bus tour taking in old and new sites linked to engineering in the city.

Halina Davies, City Council Interim Economic Sustainability and Tourism Programmes Manager, said: “We are really excited about what should be a fascinating weekend for those who live, work or study in the city as well as visitors. It is a fantastic opportunity to share with today’s young people the diversity of the engineering sector and move away from the stereotypical assumptions of the past. While highlighting Lincoln’s industrial heritage it is even more important to show how it has evolved today with its significant economic contribution and the opportunities that exist in the future.”

Entry to the Cathedral is free on Saturday (10am to 4pm) and Sunday (12pm to 3pm) with normal charges applying on Monday. Entry to The Collection will be free over the entire weekend.

If you or your organisation would still like to take part in the event or you want to find out more go to www.visitlincoln.com

Story credits:

Marie Daniels - PR OfficerMarie Daniels - PR Officer
E-mail: mdaniels@lincoln.ac.uk
Telephone: 01522 886244